In Principio

Do Animals have spirit? Inspiration from the discussion with K R Ross & Mazza La Ragazza

K R Ross & Mazza La Ragazza From the writings of St. Catherine of Siena & St. Brigitta of Sweden - yes, the animals have spirit (that's what makes them 'intelligent'). But do they go to Heaven after death as some claim?

Here is a generative summary (I am not a theologian):

Theological Context on "Spirit" in AnimalsIn Christian theology, particularly Catholic tradition, the term "spirit" (from Latin spiritus or Greek pneuma) can refer to the vital life force (as in the "breath of life" given to animals in Genesis 7:22) or an immortal, rational soul capable of eternal union with God.

Animals possess a sensitive soul—the principle of life that enables sensation, movement, and instinct—but this is material and perishes with the body, unlike the human spiritual soul made in God's image (Genesis 1:27).

Both St. Catherine of Siena (1347–1380) and St. Bridget of Sweden (c. 1303–1373), Doctor mystics of the Church, align with this Thomistic view (influenced by St. Thomas Aquinas), emphasizing human uniqueness while acknowledging God's care for all creation.
Their writings don't directly debate animal souls but illustrate the distinction through revelations and dialogues.

St. Catherine of Siena's Perspective
St. Catherine, in her Dialogue (a record of her mystical conversations with God), highlights the profound dignity of the human soul as a direct reflection of divine love and eternity. She marvels at God's creation of humanity: "What made you establish man in so great a dignity? Certainly the incalculable love by which you have looked on your creature in yourself! You are taken with love for her; for by love indeed you created her, by love you have given her a being capable of tasting your eternal Good." This underscores the human soul's spiritual immortality and capacity for infinite joy in God—qualities absent in animals.
Implicitly, this elevates humans above beasts, whose "spirits" (vital forces) lack rationality and eternity. Catherine's focus on the soul's "eternal Good" echoes the Church's teaching that animal souls are not spiritual in the immortal sense; they animate the body temporarily but do not survive death. Her writings urge souls to seek divine union, a pursuit beyond animal capacity, reinforcing that while God loves all creatures (as seen in her pleas for universal salvation), only human spirits are destined for heavenly vision.

St. Bridget of Sweden's Perspective
St. Bridget's Revelations (her divinely inspired visions) provide a clearer contrast. In one vision, the Virgin Mary consoles Bridget amid sorrow, stating: "First, think about how all things that have spirit, such as frogs and other animals, have troubles sometimes, and yet their spirits do not live eternally but die with the body. But your soul and every human soul does live forever." Here, "spirit" denotes the animating principle in animals (like frogs), akin to a mortal soul that ceases at death—explicitly non-eternal, unlike the human soul's perpetual existence.

This revelation, part of Mary's remedies for spiritual despair, uses animals as a foil to affirm human souls' immortality and God's mercy toward them. Bridget's broader visions emphasize Christ's passion and divine love for rational souls, with no indication of animals sharing in eternal life. Animals reflect God's creative goodness (e.g., in parables of nature), but their "spirits" are transient, bound to the material world, while human spirits are called to eternal communion.

Summary Comparison
Saint Key Insight on Animal "Spirit" Implication for Humans St. Catherine of Siena Human soul's eternal dignity stems from God's loving creation; animals implied as lacking this spiritual capacity. Souls taste "eternal Good"; focus on rational union with God. St. Bridget of Sweden Animals (e.g., frogs) have temporary spirits that die with the body. Human souls live forever, inviting deeper mercy and love.
Both saints, through mysticism, affirm Catholic doctrine: Animals have a form of "spirit" as life force but not an immortal one. This doesn't diminish God's providence for them (e.g., Isaiah 11:6–9 envisions harmonious animals in a renewed creation) but reserves eternal destiny for human spirits. If seeking comfort for beloved pets, many theologians (including Popes) suggest God may recreate them in heaven for our joy, though not as souls with independent eternity. For deeper reading, explore The Dialogue by St. Catherine or Revelations by St. Bridget.

Image: LOTTO, Lorenzo - Santo Spirito Altarpiece (detail):


36497
K R Ross

Catholic Biblical Apologetics

In Principio

Second attempt - cannot find exact names of Church Fathers interpreting the Bible. Hope it helps.
"Here are the closest relevant themes and passages:
The Church as Guardian of Scripture’s Truth
:In the Treatise on Divine Providence (Chapters 24–26), God the Father describes the Church as the “bride” who preserves and teaches “my Word” (the Gospel and Scriptures). For example: “This bride [the Church] brings forth living fruit, the sacraments, and teaches my Word to those who are obedient to her” (Dialogue, Ch. 26). This implies that the Church’s teachers, including Augustine and Jerome, contribute to correct understanding, but they are not named. The Church’s teaching authority, guided by the Holy Spirit, encompasses the Fathers’ work, as they were foundational in shaping biblical exegesis (e.g., Jerome’s Vulgate translation, Augustine’s On Christian Doctrine).
Scripture and the Holy Spirit’s Guidance:
In the Treatise on Obedience (Chapters 159–165), God emphasizes that Scripture must be understood through the Church’s light of faith: “My truth is found in holy Scripture, which is given to you by my only-begotten Son... and it is to be understood through the light of faith in my Church” (Dialogue, Ch. 161, paraphrased). This supports the idea that authoritative figures like Augustine and Jerome, as doctors of the Church, help clarify Scripture, but they are not explicitly mentioned. Augustine and Jerome are part of the Church’s Tradition, which The Dialogue assumes without needing to specify individuals.
Doctors and Teachers of the Faith:
In the Treatise on Prayer (Chapters 134–135), God praises “my servants” who teach and expound His Word: “My servants, who are the ministers of my Word, enlighten souls by their teaching and example” (Dialogue, Ch. 134). This could broadly include doctors like Augustine and Jerome, who were renowned for their biblical commentaries (e.g., Jerome’s commentaries on the Prophets, Augustine’s on the Psalms), but the text does not name them specifically. Catherine’s era revered Augustine and Jerome as pillars of doctrine, but her mystical focus is on God’s direct teaching, not historical figures.

In Principio shares this

Do pets go to heaven after their death?

1248
K R Ross

No.

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In Principio

I have a permission from Father K R Ross to post his accurate and professional opinion on the topic 'if animals enter heaven.' Thank you, Father K R Ross K R Ross . Here it is:
" A beaver is not made in the image (soul) and likeness (grace) of God as we are. It is an instinctual creature. It is simply a “mirror” of God’s Divine Intellect and a reflection of His Divine Plan, and of His Divine Perfections. A beaver exists, as all creation does, to remind us of God. All animals exist so that we are moved to glorify God’s wonders. A beaver 🦫 does not know it’s is a beaver. It does not know the “what-ness” (spiritual essence; what a thing is in and of itself, abstractly) of itself or others. This means that it does not possess the ability to abstract, nor pose a rational, or moral act. It does not conceive truth, or goodness, both abstract concepts. A beaver, therefore, cannot merit Heaven, nor can it place itself in hell. Have you ever heard of a beaver sentenced to prison, or receiving a scholarship? No. There are no 🌹 flower pots in Heaven, or Hell. Only a spiritual creature, a body-soul amalgam, or angelic natures, can attain either. There are no 🦫 , 🪨 , or 🥕 in either place.

I love Father Ross! But I must disagree. Read Apocalypse one more time. After that? Read Job Chapter 12.
But ask now the beasts, and they shall teach thee: and the birds of the air, and they shall tell thee. 8 Speak to the earth, and it shall answer thee: and the fishes of the sea shall tell 9 Who is ignorant that the hand of the Lord hath made all these things? 10 In whose hand is the soul of every living thing, and the spirit of all flesh of man.

K R Ross

All mention of animals in heaven in the Bible are metaphorical not literal reality. That’s why we have the Church and Tradition, aka THE AUTHOR, interpret difficult or obscure passages of Holy Writ and not Martin Luther, nor Tom, Dick nor Harry. If you want the author’s intent behind passages in his book, ASK HIM. Do not make up what you strongly believe he must have intended based on your own lights. Common sense, no? Who would I rather hear from regarding the author’s meaning and intention? The author himself or you? Logic says, ten out of ten times, the author. Yet people suspend the rules of logic and of common sense with regards to the Bible, a book written by the Church, and interpreted by the Church Fathers, who orally received the intent and meaning behind every passage of Holy Scripture; for the New Testament: from the Apostles and disciples, mouth to ear, and for the Old Testament: from Our Lord Jesus Christ directly, and from the Patriarchs, Kings, and Holy Prophets, mouth to ear, through the elders of the Synagogue, aka the Church of the Messiah to come. Tradition contains all these oral lessons on the meaning and intention of every passage in the entire Bible. Catholics, unlike heretical Protestants, do not ‘make up neither meaning, nor intention of the Divine Author ourselves.’ Again, for those who have eyes to see and ears to hear, “elementary, dear Watson.”

In Principio

Yes, Tradition. 100% agree. I'll try to get The Author Himself talking about the Fathers - from St. Catherine's of Siena Dialogue. Just a sec.

K R Ross

CHURCH FATHERS: Home

K R Ross

Radio Replies Vol 3 - Catholic Apologetics …

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K R Ross

K R Ross

CATHOLIC LIBRARY: Radio Replies (Excerpts)

In Principio

Thank you so much for the links.
Here is what I found (only one AI talks , the other just blah, blah, blah. The good one seems to be Elon Musk's Grok. However it is not Catholic). Anyway, first attempt:
"The Church’s Authority in Teaching Truth: God the Father stresses that the Church, as Christ’s bride, is entrusted with preserving and teaching divine truth. For example, in the section on the "Mystical Body of Holy Church" (Treatise on Divine Providence, Chapters 24–26 in modern editions), God says the Church dispenses the "treasure of my Word" through her ministers and teachings. This implicitly includes the Church Fathers, who, as early bishops and theologians, shaped the Church’s understanding of Scripture.
Relevant quote: “This bride [the Church] brings forth living fruit, the sacraments, which give life to souls... and she teaches my Word to those who are obedient to her” (Dialogue, Ch. 26, trans. Suzanne Noffke). While this doesn’t name the Fathers, their writings (e.g., Augustine, Jerome) are part of the Church’s teaching tradition.
Scripture and Divine Guidance: God the Father emphasizes that Scripture is a gift to be understood within the Church’s guidance. In the Treatise on Obedience (Ch. 159–165), He instructs that obedience to the Church ensures alignment with divine truth, as the Holy Spirit guides her leaders. The Church Fathers, as successors to the Apostles, are key figures in this Spirit-led tradition.
Example: “My truth is found in holy Scripture, which is given to you by my only-begotten Son... and it is to be understood through the light of faith in my Church” (Dialogue, Ch. 161, paraphrased). This supports the idea that the Fathers, as authoritative teachers, help illuminate Scripture, though they aren’t explicitly mentioned.
Role of Doctors and Teachers: The Dialogue frequently honors “my servants” and “doctors” who teach the faith. In the Treatise on Prayer (Ch. 134–135), God praises those who “expound my Word” to guide souls. While this likely refers to contemporary preachers and saints, it echoes the role of the Church Fathers (e.g., Ambrose, Gregory the Great) as foundational “doctors” who clarified Scripture for the early Church.
Quote: “My servants, who are the ministers of my Word, enlighten souls by their teaching and example” (Dialogue, Ch. 134). This could encompass the Fathers but isn’t specific to them.

In Principio

K R Ross Thank you for the links to the articles. I'll read them later.

Slow down! I can barely read a few paragraphs usually. It would take me a life time to read everything here. Including other things I want to read. I appreciate all the hard work and explanations. But the old brain does not work as it use to. lol I love you both very much. And appreciate you both very much. @K R Ross @In Principio

In Principio

Yeah, I had 12 sets each with three articles, plus extra ones and memes. I posted the 12th one this morning. I'll slow down a bit. Your right. Thanks. God Bless!

Sorry, I love it all. Even if I haven't or can't read it all. It's all worth it I am sure. Others will be able to read it. I love to hear and talk about our Faith. It's all I know how to do actually.

@K R Ross That is what I do. I read and learn from Christ and The Bible. I don't want to speak for GOD. I want to listen to GOD and understand "HIM"! He has never let me down yet. I will read everything you left again to make sure I read everything correctly. Thank you Father. GOD Bless you.

In Principio

I stick with St. Thomas Aquinas, St. Catherine of Siena and St. Bridget

St. Julian of Norwich
He showed me a little thing the size of a hazelnut, in the palm of my hand, and it was as round as a ball. I looked at it with my mind's eye and I thought,
'What can this be?'
And the answer came, 'It is all that is made'. I marvelled that it could last, for I thought it might have crumbled to nothing, it was so small.
And the answer came into my mind, 'It lasts and ever shall because God loves it'. And all things have being through the love of God.
From Revelations of Divine Love ~ Julian of Norwich
So, Our Lord spoke about a thing that was made out of love from GOD. It will last forever. I don't believe things made by GOD will be destroyed. GOD made it. GOD loves it. Therefore shall never be destroyed. Just because we pions on earth don't have PERFECT AND PURE LOVE, and don't understand GOD'S ways, means hat we understand everything GOD is telling us. Nor should we speak for Him. On Earth as it is in Heaven! I will draw all things to myself. He didn't say man as the new corrupted books are saying. But "ALL" things! The wind obeyed Him. He spoke to the wind mind you. Pay attention to every word Our Lord says.

V.R.S.

"that's what makes them 'intelligent'"
--
No, it does not.

JANET ZIMMER

I'd be astonished if God created beings who were subject to physical and mental suffering for no reason whatever, i.e., with no path to heaven.

In Principio

There is soul, spirit and body, I suppose. Soul is a property of a humans not animals. The spirit is what gives life to the physical body. It is like a 'operating system' on a computer - body cannot function without a spirit. Animal's spirit is temporary - it dies together with the death of the body. Animals, having no soul cannot be going to heaven. This is reserved for humans and angels. I have no idea (it's unimportant) if the human spirit is eternal as the soul. Probably. This is just my theory (in case I would study theology, haha).
Here is a summary of Catholic teaching on the subject of animals and their spirits:
Catholic Teaching on Animals in the Afterlife
No immortal souls:
Animals have "sensitive souls" (for life and sensation) that perish with the body; only humans have rational, eternal souls (Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2417–2418; Aquinas' Summa Theologica I, q. 75).
Renewed creation:
Heaven includes a perfected world with animals (Isaiah 11:6–9; Romans 8), possibly recreated for our joy, but not the same pets as independent beings.
Past popes:
Paul VI's quote ("One day, we will see our animals again in the eternity of Christ. Paradise is open to all God’s creatures.") is the closest historical parallel.
Benedict XVI leaned against individual pets in heaven but affirmed God's care for creation.

Angels carrying a soul:

There is too much more to list. This I hope will be enough.
The wolf and the lamb shall feed together; the lion and the ox shall eat straw; and dust shall be the serpent's food: they shall not hurt nor kill in all my holy mountain, saith the Lord.
Isaias (Isaiah) 65:25
And I saw heaven opened, and behold a white horse; and he that sat upon him was called faithful and true, and with justice doth he judge and fight. Apocalypse (Revelation) 19:11
He called animals “brother” or “sister,” and he exhorted them to praise God. He would go through the streets and byways, inviting everyone to sing with him. And one time when he came upon an almond tree, he said, “Brother Almond, speak to me of God.” And the almond tree blossomed.
St. Blaise was known to have cured diseased wild animals that came to him of their own accord for healing, but never disturbed him in prayer.
Luke 12:6
The Lord Jesus Christ stated: “Are not five sparrows sold for two farthings, and not one of them is forgotten before God?”
Apocalypse 5:13:
“And every creature, which is in heaven, and on the earth, and under the earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that are in them: I heard all saying: To him that sitteth on the throne, and to the Lamb, benediction, and honor, and glory, and power, for ever and ever.”

The Old Testament Book of Numbers, Chapter 22:21-35:
“Balaam arose in the morning, and saddling his went with them. And God was angry. And an angel of the Lord stood in the way against Balaam, who sat on the , and had two servants with him. The seeing the angel standing in the way, with a drawn sword, turned herself out of the way, and went into the field. And when Balaam beat her, and had a mind to bring her again to the way, the angel stood in a narrow place between two walls, wherewith the vineyards were enclosed. And the seeing him, thrust herself close to the wall, and bruised the foot of the rider. But he beat her again: And nevertheless the angel going on to a narrow place, where there was no way to turn aside either to the right hand or to the left, stood to meet him. And when the saw the angel standing, she fell under the feet of the rider: who being angry beat her sides more vehemently with a staff. And the Lord opened the mouth of the , and she said: What have I done to thee? Why strikest thou me, lo, now this third time? Balaam answered: Because thou hast deserved it, and hast served me ill: I would I had a sword that I might kill thee. The said: Am not I thy beast, on which thou hast been always accustomed to ride until this present day? Tell me if I ever did the like thing to thee. But he said: Never. Forthwith the Lord opened the eyes of Balaam, and he saw the angel standing in the way with a drawn sword, and he worshipped him falling flat on the ground. And the angel said to him: Why beatest thou thy these three times? I am come to withstand thee, because thy way is perverse, and contrary to me: And unless the had turned out of the way, giving place to me who stood against thee, I had slain thee, and she should have lived. Balaam said: I have sinned, not knowing that thou didst stand against me: and now if it displease thee that I go, I will return. The angel said: Go with these men, and see thou speak no other thing than what I shall command thee. He went therefore with the princes.”
GOD opened his mouth to speak? That tells me that animal understood and wanted to say those things to Balaam. But men broke away from communicating with animals long before Balaam. So GOD allowed it to speak what it wanted to say in his own language.

JANET ZIMMER

But why do animals suffer?

In Principio

Good question. I don't know.

JANET ZIMMER

Thanks for taking the time to respond in such detail. Much appreciated.

In Principio

Let me try to find answer to your question.

In Principio

JANET ZIMMER & V.R.S. & Instaurare Omnia in Christo Since I am not a master of theology I asked this question: "Why animals suffer according to St. Thomas Aquinas and other saints?" Below is a generative summary/search:
Here is part of the long answer:
"The question of why animals suffer is complex, particularly when viewed through the lens of theology, as it touches on the nature of creation, suffering, and divine providence. Saint Thomas Aquinas, a prominent medieval theologian, and other saints provide insights into this issue based on their understanding of God's creation and purpose. Below, I’ll explain Aquinas’s perspective and complement it with views from other saints, focusing on their theological frameworks, while addressing the question directly and concisely.
Saint Thomas Aquinas on Animal Suffering
Aquinas, in his Summa Theologica and other writings, does not directly focus on animal suffering as a standalone issue but addresses it indirectly within his broader theology of creation, providence, and the problem of evil. His key points relevant to animal suffering include:
Hierarchy of Creation:
Aquinas views creation as a hierarchy, with God at the top, followed by angels, humans, animals, plants, and inanimate matter (Summa Theologica, I, Q. 47-49). Animals, lacking rational souls, exist primarily to serve the needs of higher beings, particularly humans, and to reflect God’s goodness through their diversity and order. Suffering in animals (e.g., pain, predation) is part of the natural order established by God. It is not "evil" in a moral sense, as animals lack the rational capacity for moral agency or eternal salvation. Their suffering serves the balance of nature (e.g., predation maintains ecological stability).
Purpose of Suffering in the Natural Order:
Aquinas argues that what appears as "suffering" in animals (e.g., a deer eaten by a lion) is not evil but a necessary part of God’s providential plan (Summa Theologica, I, Q. 22). The universe is designed for the common good of all creation, not the individual good of each animal. Predation, disease, or pain in animals contributes to the overall harmony of the cosmos. For example, the death of one animal sustains another, reflecting God’s wisdom in ordering nature for mutual dependence.

Lack of Moral Evil in Animal Suffering:
Unlike human suffering, which can involve moral evil (sin) or spiritual growth, animal suffering is purely physical and lacks moral significance. Aquinas explains that animals do not possess free will or an eternal soul, so their pain does not have the same redemptive or punitive purpose as human suffering (Summa Theologica, I-II, Q. 1-5). God permits animal suffering as part of the natural processes, not as punishment or for their moral development, but to manifest His glory through the diversity and functionality of creation.

Divine Providence:
Aquinas emphasizes that all events, including animal suffering, fall under God’s providence (Summa Theologica, I, Q. 103). God allows suffering for a greater good, even if humans cannot fully discern it. For animals, this good is tied to the sustenance of life and the beauty of the created order.
Perspectives from Other Saints

Other saints, while often aligning with Aquinas’s framework, add emotional and spiritual dimensions to the discussion of animals and suffering, reflecting their deep compassion for creation:
Saint Francis of Assisi:
Known for his love of animals, St. Francis viewed them as part of God’s creation, deserving respect as "brothers and sisters" (Canticle of the Creatures). He preached to birds and tamed wolves, seeing animals as reflecting God’s glory. While Francis did not directly address animal suffering, his theology implies that their pain is part of the fallen world affected by human sin (a postlapsarian view). He would likely encourage compassion toward suffering animals as an act of stewardship, without attributing moral evil to their natural processes.
Saint Augustine:
Augustine, whose writings influenced Aquinas, saw animal suffering as part of the natural order post-Fall (City of God, Book XII). He believed the world was corrupted by human sin, indirectly affecting creation, including animals. Their suffering is a byproduct of this fallen state, not a direct divine punishment. Like Aquinas, Augustine held that animals lack rational souls, so their suffering serves practical purposes in nature (e.g., ecological balance) rather than spiritual ones.
Saint Bonaventure:
A contemporary of Aquinas, Bonaventure emphasized creation as a reflection of God’s love and wisdom (Breviloquium). He viewed animal suffering as part of the temporal world’s imperfection, subordinate to the eternal purpose of glorifying God. Bonaventure’s mystical approach suggests that humans should show mercy to animals, as they are part of the divine tapestry, but he accepts suffering as intrinsic to the material world.
Saint John Paul II (modern perspective):While not a medieval saint, St. John Paul II noted in his writings that animals possess a "breath of life" (Genesis 1:30) and deserve respect (Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2416). He acknowledged animal suffering but, like Aquinas, placed it within the context of God’s broader plan, where human stewardship should minimize unnecessary cruelty.
Synthesis: Why Do Animals Suffer?
According to Aquinas and other saints, animals suffer because:
Natural Order: Suffering is inherent in the material world, where predation, disease, and death maintain ecological balance, reflecting God’s providential design. No Moral Evil: Unlike humans, animals lack rational souls, so their suffering is not morally significant but serves the common good of creation. Human Sin’s Impact: Some saints (e.g., Augustine) suggest that animal suffering is intensified in a fallen world affected by human sin, though not directly caused by animals themselves. Divine Purpose: All suffering, including that of animals, falls under God’s providence, contributing to the greater good of the cosmos, even if humans cannot fully understand it.
Practical Implications for Believers
Stewardship: Saints like Francis and John Paul II encourage compassion toward animals, suggesting humans should minimize unnecessary suffering (e.g., cruelty in farming) as part of their role as stewards of creation (Catechism, 2417-2418). No Redemptive Suffering: Unlike humans, animals do not suffer for spiritual growth, so their pain is not redemptive but functional within nature’s cycles.
Limitations and Modern Context
Aquinas and traditional saints wrote in a pre-modern context, without today’s understanding of animal cognition or ethical debates about animal welfare. Modern Catholic theology, informed by science, increasingly emphasizes ethical treatment of animals (e.g., Pope Francis’s Laudato Si’, 2015, calls for care of creation). While Aquinas’s framework remains influential, contemporary theologians might argue that animal suffering raises ethical questions about human responsibility, especially in cases of human-caused harm (e.g., factory farming, environmental destruction).For a deeper dive, consult Aquinas’s Summa Theologica (First Part, Questions 22, 47-49, 103) or the Catechism of the Catholic Church (2415-2418). If you’d like a specific saint’s view explored further or a comparison with modern theology, let me know!

Like you I am no Theologian. Nor care to be. I was going to leave some things. Some examples etc. I decided not to. I am a simple person who loves simply things. I am down to earth and i listen to GOD way before I listen to men.
I will only leave this part.
On gtv for the past several years, I have seen one person after the other talking about how Saint Aquinas was wrong about one thing after the other. Like St. Augustine and other Saints. but not as many from St. Aquinas. I don't know much about him. I decided this year to do the best I can to read about him. I read here and there some things.
I decided I needed and wanted to know about his death.
On the feast of St. Nicholas [in 1273, Aquinas] was celebrating Mass when he received a revelation that so affected him that he wrote and dictated no more, leaving his great work the Summa Theologiae unfinished. To Brother Reginald’s (his secretary and friend) expostulations he replied, “The end of my labors has come. All that I have written appears to be as so much straw after the things that have been revealed to me.” When later asked by Reginald to return to writing, Aquinas said, “I can write no more. I have seen things that make my writings like straw.”
Referring to his own writings as straw? Doesn't sound good to me. Straw is used for kindling. That's how he saw his own writings. Refusing to write or dictate any more. I will pass on Aquinas and once again lean on GOD and The Bible.

In Principio

Hah! I know that story. We can only guess what he experienced. Some say that he experienced love of God and realized that our knowledge however advanced it is, it means nothing - straw. But no one knows except Thomas and God. Same story happened to Blaise Pascal, French genius mathematician. He was told by God to stop working on Math. So he did, same as Thomas. I have to tell you that Dominicans love St Thomas and I doubt it if they ever get rid of him and his works. My son attended theology college and there was Thomas all the time.
Corinthians 13:8 - "Charity never falleth away: whether prophecies shall be made void, or tongues shall cease, or knowledge shall be destroyed." &
13:10-12: "10 But when that which is perfect is come, that which is in part shall be done away.
11 When I was a child, I spoke as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child. But, when I became a man, I put away the things of a child.
12 We see now through a glass in a dark manner; but then face to face. Now I know in part; but then I shall know even as I am known."
St. Thomas - perhaps he saw the perfection of the things he was working on and understood that his version is a straw?
I guess we'll find out in Heaven.

K R Ross

St. Thomas Aquinas means: “All his writings ARE AS NOTHING (straw)” compared to the splendours of God in Heaven.” Again a metaphor misinterpreted literally…

K R Ross

JANET ZIMMER
The Traditional Thomistic Perspective on Evil, Suffering, and Creation:
I. Physical Evil and Natural Order

The suffering of animals and the destructive forces of nature (earthquakes, floods) are not "imperfections" in God’s Divine Plan but the necessary consequences for the perfection and order of the material cosmos as a whole (ordo universi). The elements are mutable, meaning they are subject to corruption (decay/destruction) and generation (creation/renewal). God permits these processes because the destruction of one thing is required for the generation and preservation of another, ensuring the continuity and variety of species. This physical evil (malum poenae) is thus permitted for the greater good of the established natural law and cosmic design.
II. Predation and the Hierarchy of Being
Predation by man and by carnivores is a permitted physical evil essential to the hierarchy of being.
Lower for the Higher: In God's Divine Plan, lower creatures exist for the sake of the higher. Plants are for animals, and all non-rational animals (bruta animalia) are directed toward man’s use (ad usum hominis).
Perfection of the Species: The existence of carnivorous species contributes to the perfection and variety of the universe. The death of the individual animal is not a moral tragedy, as it possesses a sensitive soul but lacks a rational soul. The natural food chain ensures that one form of life ceases to exist so that its superior can be sustained, contributing to the full expression of the created order.
III. Man's Dominion and Moral Evil
Man, possessing a rational soul, has dominion (stewardship) over the animals.
Licit Use, Illicit Cruelty: Using animals for human sustenance, labor, or research is licit. However, inflicting cruel or unnecessary suffering upon them is illicit and constitutes a grave sin. This sin is not against the animal (which lacks moral rights), but a transgression against justice and charity denoting a disordered will and an abuse of God-given authority, offending God as the Creator of the creature.
God tolerates Sin: God tolerates/permits moral evil (malum culpae—sin) only because He grants man the greater good of free will. God does not will the evil directly but allows it, knowing that His Omnipotence can bring forth a greater good from the existence of sin and suffering (e.g., the Redemption).
IV. Evil, Grace, and Sanctification
God's tolerance of, or permission of evil is always directed toward a greater good.
Evil can be the Occasion, but never the Cause of Good: Evil is not the cause of good, but rather the occasion for its manifestation. God, who is Supreme Good, exists supremely despite, and regardless of physical, moral, or spiritual evil.
Purification: Suffering, particularly when endured by man with sanctifying grace and an upright intention, becomes a purifying agent for the soul, drawing the individual closer to God and leading toward sanctification (the process of becoming a saint). God, like the Father in the parable of the Prodigal Son, tolerates disordered choices not to endorse them, but to allow for a deeper, more profound conversion and appreciation of His mercy and love.

In Principio

Yes, hierarchy is super important. And moral evil - the original sin brought this tragedy on all of us. How big was the offence! The Son of God had to die most cruel death for us. This is so sad.

In Principio

"The suffering of animals and the destructive forces of nature (earthquakes, floods) are not "imperfections" in God’s Divine Plan but the necessary consequences for the perfection and order of the material cosmos as a whole (ordo universi). The elements are mutable, meaning they are subject to corruption (decay/destruction) and generation (creation/renewal). God permits these processes because the destruction of one thing is required for the generation and preservation of another, ensuring the continuity and variety of species. This physical evil (malum poenae) is thus permitted for the greater good of the established natural law and cosmic design."

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In Principio

Extremely good lecture about the most important things in life. Thank you so much! I agree 100% Sometimes I cannot believe how much God loves us. Even though we may be a subspecies compare to angels, yet we are elevated above them. Well, God makes no mistakes. Never.